Motor performance, anthropometric profile and biological maturation of Mozambic children and adolescent athletes
Abstract
When practicing sports for children and adolescents, it is important to observe growth and maturation factors, as they are elements that can predict the sporting success of the future athlete. Therefore, the present study had the following objectives: a) compare the motor performance and anthropometric characteristics of sports children and adolescents in the city of Maputo at different maturational stages; b) verify the joint relative contribution of anthropometric characteristics, chronological age and biological maturation in the motor performance indicators of sports children and adolescents in the city of Maputo. 204 male athletes from the city of Maputo were evaluated. The comparison of the different maturational stages was carried out using one-factor analysis of variance (somatic maturation stage), with the dependent variables of all measurements taken and Scheffé's “post-hoc” test was applied to locate statistically significant differences. Therefore, it was found that anthropometric and physical performance values are statistically significant in relation to maturational statuses except sitting and reaching and abdominal exercises. On the other hand, it was found that there is a correlation between chronological age and motor performance measures. It can be concluded that athletes belonging to the most advanced maturational stages presented high values of anthropometric indicators and motor performance.
References
-Albaladejo-Saura, M.; Vaquero-Cristóbal, R.; González-Gálvez, N.; Esparza-Ros, F. Relationship between Biological Maturation, Physical Fitness, and Kinanthropometric Variables of Young Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. Vol. 18. Num. 328. 2021.
-Almeida-Neto, P.F.; Bulhões-Correia, A.; De Matos, D.G 2.; Varela, P.W.D.A.; Pinto. V.C.M.; Dantas, P.M.S. e colaboradores. Relationship of Biological Maturation with Muscle Power in Young Female Athletes. Int J ExercSci. Vol. 14. Num. 6. 2021. p. 696-706.
-Almeida-Neto, P.F.D.; Medeiros, R.C.D.S.C.; Matos, D.G.; Baxter-Jones, A.D.G.; Aidar, F.J.; de Assis, G.G.; e colaboradores. Lean mass and biological maturation as predictors of muscle power and strength performance in young athletes. PLoS ONE. Vol. 16. Num. 7. 2021.
-Asimakidis, N.D.; Vasileiou, S.S.; Dalamitros, A.A.; Nikolaidis, P.T.; Manou, V. Effect of the COVID-19 Confinement Period on Selected Neuromuscular Performance Indicators in Young Male Soccer Players: Can the Maturation Process Counter the Negative Effect of Detraining? Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. Vol. 19. Num. 4935. 2022.
-Bangsbo, J.; Iaia, F.M.; Krustrup, P. The, Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test: A useful tool for evaluation of physical performance in intermittent sports. Sports Med. Vol. 38. Num. 2008. p. 37-45.
-Bangsbo, J.; Mohr, M.; Poulsen, A.; Gomez, J.P.; Krustrup, P. Training and testing the elite athlete. J ExercSci Fit. Vol. 4: 2006. p. 1-14.
-Barbosa, D.M.; Paula, H.L.B.; Coelho, E.F.; Matta, M.D.O.; Werneck, FZ. Efeito da maturação biológica sobre indicadores antropométricos, físico-motores e habilidade técnica em jovens futebolistas. Coleção Pesquisa em Educação Física. Vol. 20. Num.02. 2021. p.31-39.
-Baxter-Jones, A.D.G. Growth and maturation. In: Armstrong, N.; van Mechelen, W. editors. Oxford textbook of children’s sport and exercise medicine. 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 13-24. 2017.
-Booysen, M.J.; Gradidge, P.J.; Constantinou, D. Anthropometric and Motor Characteristics of South African National Level Female Soccer Players. J. Hum. Kinet. Vol. 66. 2019. p. 121-129.
-Canadian Standardized Test of Fitness (CSTF) Operations manual, 3rd end, Fitness and Amateur Sport, Ottawa: Minister of State. 1986.
-Carter, J.E.L.; Heath, B.H. Somatotyping: development and applications. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990. p. 198-290. 1990.
-Costa, C.O. Comparative analysis of physical fitness of eutrophic children, overweight and obese. UnivMetod de Piracicaba. Vol. 1. 2017. p. 57-82.
-Declaração de Helsinque da Associação Médica Mundial. Princípios Éticos para Pesquisas Médicas Envolvendo Seres Humanos. JAMA. Vol. 310. Num. 20. 2013. p. 2191-2194.
-Duncan, M.J.; Woodfield, L.; Nakeeb, Y.A. Anthropometric and physiological characteristics of junior elite volleyball players. Rev Br J Sports Med. Vol. 40. 2006. p. 649-51.
-Fernandes, R.A.; López-Plaza, D.; Correas-Gómez, L.; Gomes, B.B.; Alacid, F. The Importance of Biological Maturation and Years of Practice in Kayaking Performance. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. Vol. 18. Num. 8322. 2021.
-Filho, J.R.R. Treinamento de Força Explosiva para Jovens Atletas de Tênis de Campo: Pliometria para membros inferiores Movimento e Percepção. Vol. 8. Num. 11. 2007. p.1679-8678.
-Gaya, A. Projecto de Pesquisa científica e pedagógica. O desafio da iniciação científica. Belo Horizonte. Casa da Educação Física. 2016.
-Giudicelli, B.B.; Luz, L.G.O.; So gut, M.; Sarmento, H.; Massart, A.G.; Júnior, A.C.; Field, A.; Figueiredo, A.J. Chronological Age, Somatic Maturation and Anthropometric Measures: Association with Physical Performance of Young Male Judo Athletes. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. Vol. 18. Num. 6410. 2021.
-Gryko, K.; Kopiczko, A.; Mikolaise, K.; Stasny, P.; Musalek, M. Anthropometric Variables and Somatotype of Young and Professional Male Basketball Players. Sports. Vol. 6. Num. 9. 2018.
-Guimarães, E.; Adam, D. G.; Baxter-Jones, A.; Williams, M.; Tavares, F.; Janeira, M.A.; Maia, J. The effects of body size and training environment on the physical performance of adolescent basketball players: the INEX study, Annals of Human Biology. Vol. 50. Num. 1. 2023. p. 26-34.
-ISAK. The International Society for Advancement for Kineanthrometry. First printed. Australia: National library of Australia. 2001.
-Johnston, K.; Wattie, N.; Schorer, J.; Baker J. Talent Identification in Sport: A Systematic Review. Sports Med. Vol. 48. 2018. p. 97-109.
-Kirkendall, D.; Gruber, J.; Johnson, R. Measurement and evaluation for physical educators. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. 1987.
-Kubo, A.; Murata, S.; Abiko, T.; Tanaka, S. The relationship between children’s somatotypes, motor examination results, and motor skills: assessing 6- to 10-year-olds. J PhysTherSci. Vol. 34. Num. 7. 2022. p. 492-496.
-Linhares, R.V.; Matta, M.D.; Lima, J.R.P.; Dantas, P.M.S.; Costa, M.B.; Fernandes, J. Effects of sexual maturation on body composition, dermatoglyphics, somatotype and basic physical qualities of adolescents. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol. Vol. 53. p. 47-54. 2009.
-López-Plaza, D.; Alacid, F.; Muyor, J.M.; López-Miñarro, P.Á. Differences in Anthropometry, Biological Age and Physical Fitness Between Young Elite Kayakers and Canoeists. J. Hum. Kinet. Vol. 57. 2017. p .181-190.
-Malina, R.M.; Bouchard, C. Atividade física do atleta jovem: do crescimento à maturação. São Paulo. Roca. 2002.
-Malina, R.M.; Bouchard, C.; Bar-Or, O. Growth, maturation and physical activity. Champaign: Human Kinectis. 2000.
-Malina, R.; Bouchard, C.; Bar-Or, O. Growth, Maturation and Physical Activity; Human Kinetics: Champaign, IL, USA. 2004.
-Malina, R.M.; Bouchard, C.; Bar-Or, O. Growth, maturation and physical activity. Champaign: Human Kinetics. 2004.
-Mayhew, J.L.; Ware, J.S.; Johns, R.A.; Bemben, M.G. Changes in upper body power following heavy-resistance strength training in college men. Int. J. Sports Med. Vol. 18. 1997. p. 516-520.
-Mirwald, R.L.; Baxter-Jones, A.D.; Bailey, D.A.; Beunen, G.P. An assessment of maturity from anthropometric measurements. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. Vol. 34. 2022. p. 689-694.
-Moura, T.; Costa, M.; Oliveira, S.; Júnior, M.B.; Ritti-Dias, R.; Santos, M. Height and body composition determine arm propulsive force in youth swimmers independent of a maturation stage. J Hum Kinet. Vol. 42. 2019. p. 277-284.
-Murtagh, C.F.; Brownlee, T.E.; O’Boyle, A.; Morgans, R.; Drust, B.; Erskine, R.M. Importance of Speed and Power in Elite Youth Soccer Depends on Maturation Status. J. Strength Cond. Res. Vol. 32, 2018. p. 297-303.
-Nikolić, I.; Furjan-Mandić, G.; Kondric, M. The relationship of morphology and motor abilities to specific table tennis tasks in youngsters. CollAntropol. Vol. 38. Num. 1. 2014. p. 241-245.
-Penha, P.J.; João, S.M.A. Avaliação da flexibilidade muscular entre meninos e meninas de 7 e 8 anos, Fisioterapia e Pesquisa, São Paulo. Vol. 15. Num. 4.2008. p.387-91.
-Pongchaiyakul, C.; Kosulwat, V.; Rojroongwasinkul, N.; Charoenkiatkul, S.; Thepsuthammarat, K.; Laopaiboon, M.; e colaboradores. Prediction of percent-age body fat in rural thai population using simple anthropometric measurements. Obes Res. Vol. 13. Num. 4. 2005. p.729-738.
-Ramos, S.; Volossovitch, A.; Ferreira, A.P.; Fragoso, I.; Massuca, L.M. Training experience and maturational, morphological, and fitness attributes as individual performance predictors in male and female under-14 Portuguese elite basketball players. J. Strength Cond Res. Vol. 7. 2021. p. 2025-2032.
-Ré, A.H.N. Crescimento, maturação e desenvolvimento na infância e adolescência: Implicações para o esporte. Motricidade. Vol. 7. Num. 3. 2011. p. 55-67.
-Ré, A.H.; Bojikian, L.P.; Teixeira, C.P.; Böhme, M.T. Relações entre crescimento, aptidão física, maturação biológica e idade cronológica em jovens do sexo masculino. Revista Brasileira de Educação Física e Esporte. Vol. 19. 2005. p. 153-162.
-Rowland, T.W. Children’s Exercise Physiology, 2nd ed.; Human Kinetics: Champaign, IL, USA. 2005.
-Sánchez-Muñoz, C.; Muros, J.J.; López-Belmonte, Ó.; Zabala, M. Anthropometric Characteristics, Body Composition and Somatotype of Elite Male Young Runners. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. Vol. 17. 2020. p. 674.
-Shi, L.; Jiang, F.; Ouyang, F.; Zhang, J.; Shen, X. Using physical examinations to estimate age in elementary school children: A Chinese population-based study, Journal of Sport and Health Science. Vol. 6. 2017. p. 352-358.
-Sierra-Díaz, M.J.; González-Víllora, S.; Pastor-Vicedo, J.C.; Serra-Olivares, J. Soccer and Relative Age Effect: A Walk among Elite Players and Young Players. Sports. 2017.
-Sö güt, M.; Leonardo, G.O.; Kaya, L.; Ö¸S.; Altunsoy, K.; Gan, A.A.D.; Kirazci, S.; Clemente, F.M.; Nikolaidis, P.T.; Rosemann, T.; Knechtle, B. Age- and Maturity-Related Variations in Morphology, Body Composition, and Motor Fitness among Young Female Tennis Players, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. Vol.16. Num. 2412. 2019.
-Suchomel, A. Relation between anthropometric somatotype and motor performance in prepubescent and pubescent Czech children. Anthropologie. Vol. 40. Num. 2. 2002. p. 193- 201.
-Vassoler, V.H.; Hobold, E. Maturação, antropometria, composição corporal e desempenho físico de praticantes de judô de Marechal Cândido Rondon - Caderno de educação física e esporte Physical Education and Sport Journal. Vol. 16 Num. 1. 2018. p. 31-39.
-Zhao, K.; Hohmann, A.A.; Chang, Y.; Zhang, B.; Pion, J.; Gao B. Physiological, anthropometric, and motor characteristics of elite Chinese youth athletes from six different sports. Frontiers in Physiolog. 2019.
-Živkovic, M.; Stojiljkovi´c, N.; Trajkovi´c, N.; Stojanovi´c, N.; Ðoši´c, A.; Anti´c, V.; Stankovi´c, N. Speed, Change of Direction Speed, and Lower Body Power in Young Athletes and Nonathletes According to Maturity Stage. Children. Vol. 9. Num. 242. 2022.
-Zwierko, T.; Lesiakowski, P.; Florkiewicz, B. Selected aspects of motor coordination in young basketball players. Hum. Mov. Vol. 6. 2005. p. 124-128.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gilvaldo José Mate Macubanhisse, Clemente Afonso Matsinhe, Sílvio Pedro José Saranga
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License BY-NC which allows the sharing of the work with acknowledgment of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are authorized to enter into additional contracts separately for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (eg, publishing in institutional repository or book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are allowed and encouraged to post and distribute their work online (eg, in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can bring about productive change as well as increase impact and impact. citation of published work (See The Effect of Free Access).
