Vitamin D in sports practice: scoping review
Abstract
Vitamin D is considered an important steroid hormone with functions in various body metabolic processes. The main ways of obtaining vitamin D are through sun exposure and diet, as well as adequate vitamin D3 supplementation. The aim of the study was a literature review scope about vitamin D and sports relationship. A qualitative, transverse and exploratory treatment was used in searches were performed on the Pubmed digital platform, using key words: "Cholecalciferol", "Calcitriol", "Athletes" and "Exercise". As inclusion criterion: clinical trials, which addressed main functions of vitamin D in the human body relating it to sports practice. A total of 608 vitamin D-related articles were found in sports practice. After filtering for clinical trials, 164 studies were selected for reading the title and summary, and subsequently, because they were not in accordance with the inclusion criteria, 138 studies were excluded, 26 were selected for a thorough reading in which 7 were used for the review. The results showed that vitamin D is characterized as a conditioning factor of athletes' bone and muscular density, increased strength, aerobic resistance and greater resistance to infections. Likewise, their malnutrition is related to a higher risk of athletes. Our findings suggest vitamin D acts in several processes that favor the athlete's physical performance, besides acting as preventive factor of several musculoskeletal disorders.
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