Electromyographic analysis of the push-up exercise with the static scapulas in retraction, protraction and in movement
Abstract
Push-up is a resistance exercise used to test and develop the strength and localized muscular resistance of the upper limbs and although there are many variations, little is known about muscle activation when placing the scapulas in different positions. Therefore, the objective of this study is analyze muscle activation during the execution of the push-up exercise, when performed with the scapulas in retraction, in protraction and in movement. Participated 30 men, practitioners of resistance exercises, who performed 12 repetitions in three variations of the push-up exercise (scapulas retracted, protracted and in movement). To analyze the activation of the pectoralis major, anterior deltoid and anterior serratus muscles, an electromyograph with an sample rate of 2000 Hz and a gain of 200 Hz was used. The data were normalized by the maximum voluntary isometric contraction and Two-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA was performed for analysis of the results, under a 95% confidence interval (p ≤ 0.05). The pectoralis major had greater activity during the push-up with the scapulas in movement (p < 0.001). Anterior serratus showed lower activation values ​​during push-up with the scapulas in retraction, compared to the two other variations (p < 0.001). The anterior deltoid had activation values ​​higher than the other muscles in the three variations (p <0.001), and with the scapulas in movement, it activated more than in retraction (p <0.001). From these results, it was concluded that push-up with movement of the scapulas promotes greater muscle activation of these analyzed muscles.
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