Strength training as a major factor pondered for loss in adult women of the city of São José, SC
Abstract
Introduction: Bodybuilding is the form of training used more in gyms and very important in the process of losing weight, being checked and confirmed its benefits in body composition. Objective: To evaluate the systematic training withweights as a major factor in weight loss and maintaining muscle mass of adult women. Materialsand Methods: Our sample included 20 adult women with a mean age of 31.6 ±7.7 years. The sessions lasted approximately 1 hour and were conducted three times a week for 14 weeks. We carried out an exploratory data analysis to the general characteristics of the participants and the comparison between the observed variables before and after the training protocol proposed, we used the Student t test. Results: The results before and after training, the five indicators of body composition: body mass index, total body mass, fat percentage, fat mass and lean body mass, showed statistically significant changes for all variables, except for the lean body mass. Discussion: Several studies in the literature have investigated the impact of physical exercise programs on body composition, which, added to these studies, demonstrates the efficiency of programs of weight training to improve body composition. Conclusion: The results suggest that 14 weeks of strength training consisted of three sessions per week can provide significant reductions in indicators of body composition in adult women, previously trained.
References
-Alekel, D.L.; Germain, S.T.; Peterson, A.; Hanson, C.T.; Stewart, K.B.;Toda, J.W. Isoflavone-rich soy protein isolate attenuates bone loss in the lumbar spine of perimenopausal women. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Num. 72. 2000. p. 844-852.
-American College of Sports Medicine. Position stand: the recommended quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintanining cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, and flexibility in healthy adults. Méd. Sci Sports Exerc. Num. 30. 1998. p. 975-991.
-Baker, D.; Wilson, G.; Carlyon, R. Periodization: The effect on strength of manipulating volume and intensity. Journal of Strength Conditioning Research. Num. 8. 1994. p. 235-242.
-Bemben,D.A.;Fetters,N.L.;Bemben,M.G.;Nabavi,N.;Koh,E. Musculoskeletal responses to high-and low-intensity resistance training in early postmenopausal women. Medicine and Science in Sports Exercise. Vol. 32. 2000. p. 1949-1957.
-Broeder, C.E.; e colaboradores. The effects of either high-intensity resistance or endurance training on resting metabolic rate. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Bethesda. Vol. 55. Num. 4. apr. 1982. p. 802-810.
-Broeder, C.E.; Burrhus, K.A.; Svanevik, L.S.; Volpe, J.; Wilmore, J.H.Assessing body composition before and after resistance or endurance training. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Madson. Vol. 29. Num. 5. May 1987. p. 705-712.
-Bryner, R.W.; e colaboradores. Effects of resistance vs. Aerobic training combined with an 800 calorie liquid diet on lean body mass and resting metabolic rate. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, Cleatwather. Vol. 18. Num. 2. Apr. 1999.p. 115-121.
-Campbell, W.W.;e colaboradores. Increased energy requirements and changes in body composition with resistance training in older adults. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Bethesda. Vol. 60. Num. 2. Aug. 1994. p. 167-175.
-Chilibeck, P.D.; Calder, A.W.; Sale, D.G.; Webber. C.E. Twenty weeks of weight training increases lean tissue mass but not bone mineral mass or density in healthy, active young women. Canadian Journalof Physiology and Pharmacology. Vol. 74. 1996. p. 1180–1185.
-Dolezal, B.A.; Potteiger, J.A. Concurrent resistance and endurance training influence basal metabolic rate in nondieting individuals. Journal of Applied Physiology, Washington, DC. Vol. 85. Num. 2. Aug. 1998. p. 695-700.
-Gettman, L.R.; e colaboradores. The effect of circuit weight training on strength, cardiorespiratory function, and body composition of adult men. Medicine and Sciencein Sports and Exercise, Madson. Vol. 10. Num. 3. Fall, 1978. p. 171-176.
-Guedes, D.P.; Guedes, J.E.R.P. Controle do peso corporal: composição corporal, atividade fisica e nutricao. Londrina: Ed. Midiograf, 2003.
-Kemmler, W.; Engelke, K.; Weineck, J.; Hensen, J.; Kalender, W.A. The Erlangen Fitness Osteoporosis Prevention Study: a controlled trial in early postmenopausal women with low bone density-first-year results. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabilitation. Num. 84. 2003. p. 673-682.
-Marx, J.O.; Ratamess, N.A.; Nindl, B.C.; Gotshalk, L.A.; Volek, J.S.; Dohi, K.; Bush, J.A.; Gomez, A.L.; Mazzetti, S.A.; Fleck, S.J.; Hakkinen, K.; Newton, R.U.; Kraemer W.J.. Low-volume circuit versus high-volume periodized resistance training in women. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. Vol. 33. 2001. p. 635–643.
-McArdle, W.D.; e colaboradores. Fisiologia do exercício: energia, nutrição e desempenho humano. 3ª ed. Rio De Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan, 1991
-Nindl, B.C.; Harman, E.A.; Marx, J.O.; Gotshalk, L.A.; Frykman, P.N.; Lammi, E.; Palmer, C.; Kraemer, W.J.. Regional body composition changes in women after 6 months of periodized physical training. Journal of Applied Physiology. Vol. 88. 2000. p. 2251-2259.
-Poehlman, E.T.; e colaboradores. Effects of resistance training and endurance training on insulin sensitivity in nonobese, young women: a controlled randomized trial. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology Metabolism.Filadélfia. Vol. 85. Num. 7. July. 2000. p. 2463-2468.
-Poehlman, E.T.; Melby. C. Resistance training and energy balance. International Journal of Sports Nutrition, Tallahasse. Vol. 8. Num. 2. June. 1998. p. 143-159.
-Ross, R.; Janssen, I.; Dawson, J.; Kungl, A.M.; Kuk, J.J.; Wong, S.L.; Nguyenduy, T.; Lee, S.; Kilpatrick, K.; Hudson, R. Exercise-induced reduction in obesity and insulin resistance in women: a randomized controlled trial. Obesity Research. Vol. 12. Num. 5. 2004. p. 789-798.
-Sampedro, R.M.F. Efeitos de um treinamento misto de musculação e corrida aeróbia, no percentual de gordura de não atletas de ambos os gêneros. In: Seminário De Pesquisa Em Educação Física, 5., 1986, Porto Alegre. Anais. Porto Alegre: CEFD/UFSM, 1986. p. 25, 1986.
-Santarém, J. M. Musculação: princípios atualizados. São Paulo: Fitness Brasil, 1995.
-Staron, R.S.; Malicky, E.S.; Leonardi, M.J.; Falkel, J.E.; Hagerman, F.C.; Dudley, G.A. Muscle, hypertrophy, and fast fiber type conversions in heavy resistancetrained women. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology. Num. 60. 1990. p. 71–79.
-Vincent, K.R.; Braith, R.W. Resistance exercise and bone turnover in elderly men and women. Medicine and Science in Sports Exercise. Vol. 34. 2002. p. 17-23.
-Wilmore, J.H.; e colaboradores. Physiological alterations consequent to circuit weight training. Medicine and Sciencein Sports and Exercise, Madson. Vol. 10. Num. 2. 1978. p. 79-84.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License BY-NC which allows the sharing of the work with acknowledgment of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are authorized to enter into additional contracts separately for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (eg, publishing in institutional repository or book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are allowed and encouraged to post and distribute their work online (eg, in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can bring about productive change as well as increase impact and impact. citation of published work (See The Effect of Free Access).